Electric machine



Sept. 14, 1937. G. E. LOSIER ELECTRIC MACHINE 5 Sheets-$heet l 1 i I I I I I I I I I I l I Filed April 21, 1933 BED/FEE E. LES/ER HIS ATTORNEY Sept. 14, 193 7. G

. E. LOSIER ELECTRIC MACHINE Filed April 21, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 EEDREE E. Las/sR l NVE N TOR HIS ATTORNEY Sept. 14, 1937. G. E. LOSIER ELECTRIC MACHINE Filed April 21, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 mud IIIVIII llllllllll ll I'I EEJ;

ql'llllmlllll|llllllllll www HIS ATTORNEY 0 m w 0 MW R .m A w. 0 l E w MQNJ Qw ms mmw Sepf. 14, 1937. G. E. LOSIER ELECTRIC MACHINE Filed April 21, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 bxm EEDRSE E. Les/ER INVENTOR I A #H /IZJ H S ATTORNEY Sept. 14, 1937. e. E. LOSIER ELECTRIC MACHINE Filed April 21, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 m a m\ m k R A 5 m E N W w U N \b% E .l E m? w \i Ag LL wl v v New F 1 M Rxuu m L J S L HHVHK 9% 1| umv Mme} W HIS ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 14, 1937 ELECTRIC MACHINE George E. Losier, East Orange, N. J., assignor of onegfiith to William A. Hughes, Newark, N. J., and four-fifths to Marion Losier, East Orange,

Application April 21, 1933, Serial No. 667,214

1 Claim.

The present invention relates generally to a method and steps, to a machine and to a system of distribution for making mechanical reproductions at a distance from an original image, pic- 5 ture or pattern; and the present invention relates to a method and steps, to a machine and to a system of distribution for transmitting an image, picture or pattern from a sending station by wire or radio to produce a printing plate or other de- 10 vice at a receiving station. The present invention relates further to a method and steps, to a machine and to a system of distribution for transmltting, in a simple and economical manner, a picture to a distant station and producing there- 15 at, by means of the transmitted energy, an engrayed plate substantially ready for printing screen effect half-tone pictures.

An object of the present invention is to provide method and means for scanning a picture at one 9: point, for producing a screen effect half-tone printing plate at a distant point by means governed and controlled by the scanning means, and for synchronizing the scanning means and the picture plate producing means.

:3 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and means for transmitting a picture from a photoelectric scanning means to produce a screen effect half-tone picture plate at an electrically controlled cutting machine, and

g utilizing the means for producing the screen effect for synchronizing the scanning means and the cutting machine.-

Another object of the present invention is to provide a screen effect picture scanning means 3:, and a picture plate cutting means controlled thereby, which employ constant speed reciprocating movement between the picture and scanning means and between the picture plate and the picture plate cutting means, as distinguished 40 from means heretofore used in which the scanning and cutting were done by harmonic movement, and further to provide such an arrangement in which a pulsating current is used for producing a screen effect in thepicture plate and 45 also for synchronizing the movement between the picture and the scanning means with the movement between the picture plate and the picture plate cutting means.

.Another object of the invention is to provide U0 a half-tone picture transmitting current of such characteristics that it can be transmitted over wire circuits without the use of a carrier current and to eliminate the equipment heretofore used for transmitting half-tone picture currents by the 55 'aid of carrier curents,

Reference is hereby made to my copending applications Serial Number 645,384, filed December 2, 1932; Serial Number 647,884, filed December 19, 1932; which show details of a scanning head, screening systems, amplifier units and cutting 5 heads with lifting mechanisms for the latter.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following specification which describes illustrative examples thereof and from the drawings forming a 10 part of this application which illustrate somewhat diagrammatically the examples described, and from the appended claim hereof.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view and diagram illustrating diagrammatically picture scanning and picture plate engraving machines and a system connecting them for picture transmission by a two channel wire circuit; v

Figure 2 is a plan view showing somewhat diagrammatically a picture scanning and picture plate engraving machine of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an elevation view in part Section of Figure 2, taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;

' Figure 4 is a plan view of a worm driven flywheel having a driving cam, shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a section view diagrammatically showing a detail in Figures 2 and 3;

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic showing similar to that of Figure l but in which two channel radio transmission is used;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic showing similar to that of Figures 1 and 6 but in which one channel,

either wire or radio, is used for transmission; and

Figure 8 is a diagram of a single station equipped either to send or to receive in trans mission by a single channel, either by wire or radio.

(1) Two CHANNEL WmE TRANSMISSION (1) The sending station which carries at one end a pair of side rails H, i I having the aligned horizontal slats I2, l2, which support and guide for horizontal movement the picture scanning table l4 and at the ,57

opposite end a pair of side rails I5, l6 having the aligned horizontal slots I1, I! which support and and 2!, respectively, in driving relation.

On its inner end, each of said shafts 22, 23 carries an adjustable double cone element 26 of a positive, infinitely variable driving unit 21 comprising also a link belt 28 and a second adjustable, double cone element 29. A shaft 30 (carr ied by bearings not shown, but generally included in said units 27, 21) carries both said elements 29, 29 and also a spiral herringbone pinion 5i. Beneath said pinion 3i and in driving relation thereto, is the herringbone rack 32 which is fixed to a spline 33 which latter is moveable back and forth horizontally in a slot 35 in said bed Ill. A pin 36, carried by said spline 33 and extending downwardly therefrom, engages a driving camslot 38 formed in a flywheel 40 mounted horizontally for rotation beneath said spline 33. Said cam-slot 3B is of a modified cardioid form shown in Figure 4 adapted by means of that portion thereof identified by the are C to drive said rack 32 (and the parts driven thereby) at a constant rate of speed and by means of that portion thereof indicated by the are R to return said rack 32 with harmonic motion in about one third of the driving time. It will be seen that for each complete revolution of said cam-slot 38 said tables i5 and 18 will each make a complete forward and return stroke. Said cam-slot 38 is smoothed off Where sections C and R are joined so as to provide smooth change from one to the other.

Said flywheel 10 is driven by a constant speed shunt motor 52 (or other constant speed driving means) which also drives a single phase synchronous generator 55 mounted on the common drive shaft 55 which latter carries a worm 55 which in turn. drives the gear ll mounted about the periphery of said flywheel M1. The relation of said gear 51 to said worm 56 is accurately predetermined to be such that for each complete revolution of said cam slot 38 said shaft 45 is rotated an exactly complete multiple of revolutions, that is, without any fractional revolution. By these means said picture table Id and plate table It are driven on a forward stroke (the scanning and cutting stroke) at a predetermined, constant speed and on a return stroke about three times as fast as the forward stroke (or other arrangement for any other predetermined relative speeds).

The positive, infinitely variable driving unit 21 mentioned above can be of the type described in P. I. V. Gear, Book No. '1274, second edition, published April 1931, by Link-Belt Company, Chicago, Illinois, a copy of which will be found in the Patent Ofiice.

Said fiywheel 40 carries a shaft 55 which extends downwardly through a lower level 52 of said bed it below which said shaft 50 carries a bevel gear 53 which drives the two pinions 54 and 55, one on either side thereof, which latter drive respectively the shaft 55 and bevel gear 51 and shaft 58 and bevel gear 59, bearings notshown being provided for said shafts 56 and 58.

In turn, said bevel gears 51 and 59 drive, respectively, the pinion 6i and shaft 62 and pinion 53 and shaft 65. Said shafts 62 and 56 extend upwardly in close proximity, respectively, to the inner ones of said side rails ii, I I and l6, !6 where they drive respective sets of change gears 57 and 58 which in turn through speed reducers 59 and it drive the pulleys H and 72, respectively.

Said pulley H drives an endless belt 13, which can be a tight wire, which at its opposite end passes over an idler pulley it which is mounted to the outer one of said side rails H, H. Said belt i5 is connected in operating relation to a scanning head by a set screw i6. Said scanning head 15 rides on a horizontal bar Tl mounted over one strand of said belt l3 and supported by the posts 18, 18 which have openings l9, 19 for the passage of said belt 15 and which rest on said side rails H, H. Beneath said scanning head 15 is shown a. picture resting on said picture scanning table It and held thereon by suitable means not shown, such as a suction sys tem. Extending lengthwise of said table It is a black marking strip 8! of appreciable width having a white marker 82 adjustable lengthwise thereon (or a white strip with a black marker) the purpose of which will be hereinafter fully described.

Said pulley i2 drives an endless belt 83, similar to belt 83, which at its opposite end'passes over the idler pulley 85, mounted to the outer one of said side rails i5, i5. Said belt 83 is connected in operating relation to a cutting head 85 by a set screw 86. Said cutting head 85 rides on a horizontal bar 81 mounted over one strand of said belt 83 and supported by the posts 88, 88 which have openings 85, 89 for the passage of said belt 83 and which rest on said side rails l5, l5. Beneath said cutting head 85 is shown a picture receiving plate 90 resting on said plate cutting table l8 and held thereon by suitable means not shown, such as a magnetic chuck.

Said scanning head I5 and cutting head 85 are of the types shown and described in my c0- pending applications identified above. Said scanning head 15 includes a photosensitive cell not shown here and said cutting head 85 includes a cutting tool not shown here. Said shaft 50 at its lower end carries a short-circuiting commutator 9| having inset therein for part of its width an insulating segment 92 which extends through an angle equal to the are C of said cam-slot 38. Said commutator 9| cooperates with the brushes 93, 93 which latter connect through a source of power 95 through the leads 95, 95 to means (not shown) within said cutting head 85 for lifting the cutting tool out of cutting position on the return stroke of the cutting table in a manner similar to that described in said copending applications.

A source of direct current is supplied through mains 96, 96 and switch 91 to said motor 42. Leads 98, 98 connect from said mains 96, 95 through switch 99 to the field of said synchronous generator 44. Output leads H00, ill!) from 'said synchronous generator 54 serve to connect to mains reaching a synchronizing system at a distant station as hereinafter fully described.

Said shaft 45 also carries a scanning disc l5! which is in operative relation to interrupt a beam of light passing from a screening system I02 to a photosensitive cell I03. Said scanning disc ID! has a given number of light passages therein to secure a desired sized screening on the plate to be cut with said motor 44 running at a given speed, and when it is desired to transmit a picture with. a diflerent sized screen without changing the speed of said motor 44 the disc can be replaced by another having the necessary number of light passages. However, the change in size of screen can be made by having a scanning disc with a multiplicity of annular rows of light passages, each row having a different number of light passages to suit a different sized screen, and having the said photosensitive cell I88 adjustably moveable to register with any desired row of light passages. Such an arrangement of scanning disc, screening system and photosensitive cell is described in the above identified copending applications, from which it will be seen that the function of said scanning disc I8I is to produce successive cutting engagements of the cutting tool in said cutting head 88 whereby there is produced a row of indentations on said picture plate 88 for each cutting stroke of said cutting table I8. And because said scanning disc I8I makes a certain number of complete revolutions for each complete revolution of said cam-slot 88 and for each complete forward and back movement of said table I8, the indentations (and also the intervening cameo reliefs) in the completed picture plate 98 will be arranged with their centers aligned in longitudinal'and transverse rows which are substantially at right angles to each other.

It can be seen clearly from the above description and from the descriptions of the corresponding parts in said above identified copending applications that by adjusting said driving units 21, 21 said tables I4 and I8 can be arranged to move synchronously in complete forward and back movements for either one to one, or enlarging or reducing reproduction of the picture 88 on said table I4 onto said plate 88 on table I8. Likewise said gears 81 and 88 can be changed or adjusted to produce a corresponding transverse movement of said scanning head 15 and cutting head 85.

Referring again more particularly to Figure 1, said scanning head 15 connects through the pair of leads I85,-I85 to the input side of an amplifier unit I88 fully described in said above identified copending applications. From; the output side of said amplifier unit I88 a pair of leads I81, I81 connect to said screening system I82. From said photo-sensitive cell I88 a pair of leads I88, I88 connects to the input side of a voltage amplifier I I8. Said unit I I8 comprises one stage of resistance capacity coupled amplification and one stage of transformer coupled amplification, but any type of voltage amplifier can be used such as those well known in the art. From the output side of said unit II8 a pair of leads III, II2 connect through a switch II4 to a parallel push-pull cutting amplifier unit I I5. From the output side of said unit 5 the leads H8, H1 and H8 co'nnect to said cutting head 88 which is of a pushpull type similar to that described in mysaid copending applications above identified.

From said lead III there extends a pair of leads I28, I 2i, one from each side of said switch II4, to one side of the double pole double throw switch I22. The other side of said switch I22 connects through leads I28, I28 to the telephone or other signalling transmitter I24 and source of power I25 which are in series with each other. The blades of said switch I22 connect to a pair of leads I88, I8I, the former of which includes the primary of a line transformer I82 from the secondary of which there extends the pair of power mains I88, 1'84 which connect to the distant receiving station 2 in a manner hereinafter fully described. A set of single pole single throw switches I85, I85, I85 in series with each other serve to connect said lead I88 to said lead I8I when only the power mains I84, I84 are used; and other pairs of power mains I88, I88, I88, connect from each side of one of said switches I85, I85, I85, any or all of which are left open when receiving stations connected by any of said mains I88, I88, I88 are to be operated. By proper operation of said switches I22, I88, I85, I85, any or all of the receiving stations connected to the mains extending therefrom can be connected for operation by the sending station I, and any number of receiving stations can be connected depending on the power supplied from said sending station I or other suitable arrangement. When a picture plate is to be produced at the sending station I without transmission to any distant station said switch H4 is closed and said switch I22 is opened. When a picture is to be transmitted to any distant station said switch H4 is opened and said switch I22 is connected to said leads I28 and I2I. When a message or signal is to be sent to any distant station, such as for notification that a picture is about to be transmitted, said switch I22 is connected to said leads I 28, I 28 so that said transmitter I24 can be used, suitable corresponding receiving means being provided at the receiving station as hereinafter described.

Said leads I88, I88 from said synchronous generator 44 connect through the single pole double throw switch I48 through the leads I, I42

the former of which includes the primary of aline transformer I44 from the secondary of which there extends the pair of power mains I45, I48 which connect to the distant station 2. A set of single pole single throw switches I48, I48, I48 in series with each other serve to connect said lead I to said lead I42 when only the power mains I45, I45 are used; and other pairs of power mains I41, I41, I41 connect from each side of one of said switches I48, I48, I48 any or all of which are left open when receiving stations connected by any of said mains I41, I41, I41 are to be operated.

1) The receiving station Still referring to Figure 1, at said receiving station 2 a picture scanning and engraving machine I58, having a bed I8I, a scanning head I82, a cutting head I58, a picture receiving plate I54 and other parts somewhat similar to said machine 8 at said sending station I which latter are shown in detail in Figures 2, 3 and 4, is connected to the sending station I through said mains I84, I84 and I45, I48 through suitable apparatus as follows:

Said mains I84, I84 connect to the primary of the line transformer I58 the secondary of which connects through the leads I88, I88 to the input side of the voltage amplifier unit I51 which is similar to said voltage amplifier unit III at sending station I. The output side of said voltage amplifier unit I81 connects through the leads I88, I88 and one side of the double pole double throw switch I88 to the input side of a parallel push-pull cuttingamplifier unit 188 which can be similar to said push-pull cutting amplifier unit II 5. The output side of said push-pull amplifierunit I88 connects through the leads I8I, I82, and

I 88 to said cutting head I88.

The other side of said double pole double throw switch I88 connects to the loud speaker I84 or other signal receiving means corresponding to said transmitter IM of said sending station I.

Said mains N5, M5 connect to the primary of a line transformer I from the secondary of which the leads I69, I66 connect to the input side of a voltage amplifier unit I61 which is similar to said voltage amplifier units H0 and I51. The output side of said voltage amplifier unit It? connects through the leads I68, Itt to the input side of the parallel push-pull amplifier unit I69 similar to said amplifier units H5 and I60 with the exception that said amplifier unit I69 includes in its output side a transformer are the secondary of which connects through leads III,

HI and switch I'IZ to the armature of a synchronous motor I'It which latter in said machine Iiiil takes the place of said synchronous generator it in said machine 9 at said sending station I. Direct current mains I15, I15, having a switch I'It therein, connect through the leads I'll, Ill having a switch I18 therein to the field of said synchronous motor IId. Said power means H5, H5 connect, through leads I19, I19 to a direct current shunt motor I89 in series with the field of which is provided a rheostat I8I. Said rheostat IBI is used for starting and controlling the speed of said motor I80.

Said machine I56 is like said machine 9 of sending station I with the following exceptions.

(l) The substitution of said synchronous motor are for said synchronous generator t t. Arrangements can be made for using the generator as a motor and vice-verse. in which case the sending station can be converted into a receiving station and the receiving station into a sending station, corresponding changes being made in the line and amplifier connections.

(2) The use of a synchronous motor at both the sending and receiving station machines 3 and ltd for synchronizing purposes. This arrangement can be used where the sending and receiving stations I and 2 are in places which have a common alternating current supply such as is the case in the present day where distant areas are interconnected by far reaching networks which tie in a number of power stations; in which case a synchronous motor in both the sending and receiving machines can be used because they will be kept in phase through the constant checking up of current conditions in the entire network which is common practice today. In such case the mains Idt, its? and MI, It? and the ampliiier units It? and its can be eliminated and the direct current motors t2 and I88 can both be used as starting motors as above described for machine I so.

(3) The third difierence between said machine I56 and said machine 9 (see Figure 5) is that the former has in series in one of said leads 95, 95 of said cutting head 85 a sound signalling device I82 comprising an electro-magnet I83 which is adapted to draw to it a bell hammer IB l having a tension spring I85 connected thereto and adapted to draw said bell hammer I84 against a bell gong I 86. A single pole single throw switch It? is adapted to short circuit said electromagnet ass. The purpose of this signalling device is to aid in getting the two machines into synchronisxn before transmission of a picture is actually begun.

Except as otherwise noted the parts of said machine I59 are numbered the same as corresponding parts of said machine t so that reference can be made to Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 for details. In a general system all the machines such sheaves (1 Operation of two channel' wire system When it is desired to make a picture plate at said receiving station 2 from a picture at said sending station I the operator there places a picture on the picture table It and a picture plate 9D on the table It of machine 9, the length of stroke of the tables and the speed of transverse movement of scanning head 15 and cutting head being properly adjusted to suit the ratio of reproduction. Said picture plate can be out whether it is to be used for printing or not because it can serve to show the sending operator the progress of the transmitting operation. The details oi the necessary arrangements are to be transmitted from 'the sending station to the receiving station or stations by means of said telephone transmitter I24 and the loud speaker I65. He then loosens said set screws 16 and 86 and moves said scanning head I5 over said strip 8!, the marker 82 of which is now adjusted to a position aligned with the beginning of the scanning stroke of said table It, and said cutting head 85 into-position to start the cutting of his plate. The energizing circuits of said units IDIL-IIII and H5 are now closed and the operator checks over his apparatus to see that it is in proper working condition. He then brings said motor 62 up to a predetermined operating speed. Said switch I22 is now connected to said leads I23, I23 in order to transmit verbal instructions from said telephone transmitter IZd to said loud speaker I6 5, the switch I59 of which latter is always left closed to it during such times as picture transmission is to be expected. The sending operator speaks a calling or warning signal into said transmitter I25 and follows with a statement that a picture is to be transmitted of such and such a nature, describing the subject of the picture; that the picture is of a given size; and that on his own machine he will cut a certain sized picture of a certain sized screen. He can also say that he will commence transmitting the picture at the end of a definite interval of time for example at the end of two minutes.

Said table It is now reciprocating and said black strip BI and white marker 82 are being scanned by said scanning head I5. The sending operator new changes said switch I22 to connect it with said leads I20 and I2I, opens said switch HQ and closes said switch M0. From said synchronous generator M a pulsating current is passing through said mains I45, I45 to the primary of said line transformer I65 of said receiving station 2. Also, through said mains I35, ltd a signal is being transmitted to said loud speaker IBt through the scanning of said black strip SI and white marker 82, which signal is a loud sound at the beginning of each scanning stroke of said table It.

Meanwhile the operator at saidreceiving station 2 energizes the circuits of said amplifier units I60, I61 and I69; loosens said set screw 86 of said cutting head I53 and moves the latter to 2,092,788 a position to start the cutting of his plate, I54;

, I64. This indicates that said machine I58 is in synchronism with said machine 8. When this is accomplished the receiving operator closes said switch I18 and said switch -I12 to energize the field and armature of said synchronous motor I41, I41, I41 said switches I35,

I14 which maintains synchronism between said machines I58 and 9, and said machine -I58 is ready to commence the cutting of a picture. As said signalling device I82 is no longer needed, said switch I81 is closed. Also said synchronous motor I14 can be strong enough to drive said machine I58 in which case said motor I88 is cut off after being used to bring synchronous motor I14 up to speed.

At the end of the interval of time previously announced the sending operator moves said scanning head 15 into position to commence scanning the picture, locking it therein by tightening said set' screw 16 to start transverse move- I v ment and locking said set screw 86 to start corresponding movement oi said cutting head 85. When the sending operator moves said scanning head 15 from said black strip M and white marker 82 the signals produced by the latter at said loud speaker I64 will cease whereupon the receiving operator changes said switch I56 to connect it to said amplifier unit I68 and tightens said set screw 86 to start said cutting head I53 in transverse movement.

Both machines are now in full operation and both are cutting picture plates. If receiving stations other than receiving station 2 are connected to said pairs of power mains I36, I86, I86 and I85, I35 and I46, I46, I46 will be open and the same preparations will be made there as at said station 2, otherwise switches I85, I35, I85 and I46, I46, I46 will be closed.

(2) Two CHANNEL RADIO Taansmssron (2) The sending station Referring now to Figure 6 of the drawings, in which is illustrated diagrammatically a two channel radio transmission system including a sending station 28I and a receiving station 282 said sending station 28I has all the essential parts of said sending station I of Figure 1 including a picture scanning and engraving machine 283, the amplifying unit 286 which has its input side connected to the-scanning head 281, and its output side connected to the screening system 288; the voltage amplifier 2I8 having its input side connected to the photo sensitive cell 2; and the parallel push-pull cuttinghmplifier unit 2 I2 having its input side connected to said voltage amplifier unit 2I8 through the leads 2I8, 2I8 one 01' which has a single pole single throw switch 2I4 therein and its output side connected to a cutting head 2I6. Said machine 288, like said machine 8, has also a scanning table 2I1, a cutting table 2I8, a scanning disc 2I8, a d rect current driving motor 228, and a. synchronous generator 22I. Direct current power mains 222, 222 having the switch 228 therein, supply power to said direct current motor 228 and through the leads 224, 224 having a switch 225 therein, supply the field current to said synchronous generator 22I. Said scanning table 2 has a black strip 288 thereon having an adjustable white marker 28I, similar to said strip 8I and marker 82 on said scanning table I4 of said machine 9 in Figure 1. A picture 232 is placed on said scanning table 2I1 when it is desired to reproduce the same,

and a picture receiving plate 233 is placed on said cutting table 2I8.

In addition to these parts said sending station 28I has equipment for the radio transmission of -the picture cutting current and the synchronizing current, as follows,

An alternating current generator in the form of an electron tube oscillator unit 284 has its output side connected through the high frequency input leads 285, 285 to a radio transmitterin the form of the modulator unit 281 which has its output side connected to the ground 288 and the transmitting antenna 289. Such a combination of oscillator and modulator is shown and described in Telephone Communication by Wright and Puchstein, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1925, but various other systems of oscillator and modulator can be used. The low frequency input side of said modulator unit 281 is connected to a double pole double throw switch 248, one side oi. which is connected to the leads 24 I, 24I which are acrosssaid single throw switch 2I4. The other side of said double pole double throw switch 248 is connected across the telephone or other signalling transmitter 242. The leads 245, 245, including the switch 246, connect from the output side of said synchronous generator 22I to the low frequency input side of a radio transmitter unit 241 which has its output side connected to the ground 248 and transmitting antenna 248 and whose high frequency carrier current is supplied by the electron tube osciilator unit 258. Said radio transmitter unit 241 is similar to said modulator unit 231 and said oscillator unit 258 is similar to said oscillator unit 284.

(2) The receiving station Said receiving station 282 has parts similar to said receiving station 2 of Figure 1, as follows. A picture scanning and engraving machine 25I has its cutting head 252 connected to the output side of a parallel push-pull cutting amplifier 258 which latter has its input side connected to the output side of the voltage amplifier unit 254 through one side of the double pole double throw switch 255 the other side of which latter is connected to the loud speaker 256. The leads 258, 268, having the switch 26I therein, connect from the armature of the synchronous motor 262 to the output side of a parallel push-pull amplifier unit 268, the input side of which latter is connected to the output side of the voltage amplifier unit 264. Direct current mains 255, 265, having a switch 266 therein, connect to the driving motor 261 having a rheostat 268 connected in series with the field thereof. Leads 258, 268, having a switch 218 therein connect said mains 255, 265 to the field of said synchronous motor 262. A picture receiving plate 215 is positioned on the cutting table 216 beneath said cutting head 252. One of the leads 211, 211 to the lifting mechanism (not shown) of said cutting head 252 includes the single pole switch 218 across which is connected the sound signalling device 218 which latter is similar to said sound signalling device I82 shown inFiguresl and 5.

ceiving unit 280 which has connected to its input side the ground 28! and the receiving antenna 282. Said radio receiving unit 280 is of a well known type and has a variable condenser 283 in its antenna ground system and another variable condenser 284 for tuning purposes. Other suitable forms of radio receiving units can be used. Similarly, the input side of said voltage amplifier unit 264 is connected to the output side of a radio receiving unit 285 having the variable condensers 285, 281 for tuning, a ground 288, and a receiving antenna 289.

(2) Operation of two channel radio transmission system When the operator at said'sending station 20! has a picture to be transmitted to said receiving station 202 he goes through substantially the same preparatory operations and steps as are described above for the system illustrated in Figure 1. The warning signals and messages from said transmitter 242 to said loud speaker 256 are of course sent by radio in this system, and said radio receiving unit 280 and voltage amplifier unit 254 are kept tuned in to receive messages from said radio transmitter unit 231 and said switch 255 is kept closed to said loud speaker 256 at such times as picture transmission can be expected. Also said radio receiving unit 285 is kept tuned in to' receive signals from said radio transmitting unit 241.

After the necessary instructions have been sent from said sending station 201 and the sending station is in readiness for transmission, the above described synchronizing operations are carried on and completed the picture reproducing current and the synchronizing current are combined with their respective carrier waves and transmitted to the receiving station 202. The transmission of a picture from said sending station 201 to said receiving station 202 is substantially the same as described for the sending and receiving stations of Figure 1.

(8) ONE CHANNEL, EITHER WIRE on RADIO TRANS- MISSION (3) The sending station Referring now to Figure 7 of the drawings, there is illustrated diagrammatically a single channel system adapted for either wire or radio transmission and including a sending station 301 and a receiving station 302. In this system, with either wire or radio transmission, the picture cutting current is used also for synchronizing the receiving station 302 with said sending station 301, as hereinafter fully explained.

Similar to the systems illustrated in Figures 1 and 6, the system of Figure 7 has a picture scanning and engraving machine 3H] having a picture scanning table 3 which has thereon a black strip 312 with an adjustable white marker 313, a plate cutting table 3i4, a scanning head 315 over said scanning table 31 I, a cutting head 3H5 over said cutting table 314, a scanning disc 311, and a constant speed shunt wound motor 313 having a rheostat 313 in series with the field thereof. Said shunt wound motor 313 drives said scanning table 311, said cutting table 314 and said scanning disc 311 in a manner as disclosed above in the description of the machine of Figures 2 to 4. For some purposes a synchronous motor 320 mounted on the shaft of said shunt motor 318 and scanning disc 311 is used as herelnafter described. The direct current mains is mounted a photosensitive cell 331.

32!, 321, having the switch 322 therein, supply current to said shunt motor 318, with leads 323, 323 having a switch 324 therein for connecting said synchronous motor 320 to said mains 321, 32I when desired. When it is desired to use said machine 3|0 a picture 325 is placed on said scanning table 3 and a picture receiving plate 326 is placed on said plate cutting table 314.

On one side of said scanning disc 311 is mounted a screening system 330 and in operative relation on the other side of said scanning disc 311 An amplifier unit 332 has its input side connected to said scanning head 315 and its output side connected to said screening system 330. A voltage amplifier 333 has its input side connected to said photosensitive cell 331 and its output side connected through a single pole single throw switch 334 to the input side of a parallel push-pull cutting amplifier unit 335, the output side of which latter is connected to said cutting head 316.

Across said switch 334 is connected the double pole double throw switch 336 from one side of which latter extend the leads 340 and 3 which latter has in series therein the single pole single throw switches 342, 342, 342 each of which latter has connected thereacross a pair of' power mains 343, 343, 343. A line transformer 344 has its primary connected to said leads 340 and 341 and its secondary connected to the power mains 345, 345.

The other side of said switch 336 connects through the leads 341, 341 to the low frequency input side of the radio transmitter 348 which latter has its high frequency input side connected to the oscillator unit 349 and its output side connected to the transmitting antenna 350 and the ground 35!.

Across said leads 341, 341 is connected one side of a double pole double throw switch 352 which latter has connected thereto the telephone transmitter 353, and which has its other side across said leads 340 and 34L (3) The receiving station At said receiving station 302 is a picture scanning and engraving machine 354 similar to said machine 310 at said sending station 301 and which has a plate cutting table 355 which carries a plate 356 and over which is a cutting head 351. One of the leads 358, 353 to the lifting mechanism (not shown) of said cutting head 351 includes the single pole switch 353 across which is connected the sound signalling device 360 which latter is similar to said sound signalling device I82 shown in Figures 1 and 5 and device 219 shown in Figure 6.

The constant speed shunt motor 365 of said machine 354 has a rheostat 332 in series with the field thereof and is fed by the power mains 353, 363 having the switch 364 therein. On the shaft 365 of said shunt motor 351 is the synchronous motor 366 which is connected to said power mains 363, 363 by the leads 331, 351 having the switch 368 therein. Said shaft 335 can also carry a scanning disc 359.

The armature of said synchronous motor 336 is connected through the switch 310 to the output ampliers 311 and 312 and on its other side to the loud speaker 314. The blades of said switch 313 connect to the output side of the voltage amplifier unit 315 the input side of which latter connects to the double pole double throw switch 316, which latter connects on one side to the output side of the radio receiving unit 311 which has connected to its input side the ground 313 and the receiving antenna 313. A variable condenser 333 in the antenna ground system and another variable condenser 33I in the main circuit of said radio receiving unit 311 serve to tune said receiving station 332 to said sending station 33l or to any other suitable sending station.

The other side of said switch 316 connects to the secondary of a line transformer 332 the primary of which connects to said power mains 345, 345 from said sending station 33L (3) Operation of one channel, either wire or radio transmission When a picture is to be transmitted from said sending station 33l to said receiving station 332 of Figure 7 by wire, the preliminary warning and verbal communication is made possible by closing said switch 352 to said leads 343 and 3 (said switches 342, 342, 342 being closed when there are no receiving stations connected to said power mains 343, 343, 343). When wire transmission is to be expected at said receiving station 332 said switch 316 is closed to said line transformer 33! and said switch 313 is closed to said loud speaker 314. A warning and verbal instructions having been communicated from said transmitter 353 to said loud speaker 314, said switches 334 and 352 are opened and said shunt motor 3i3 having been brought up to a predetermined standard speed, the sending operator sends synchronizing signals by means of said strip M2 and marker 3l3. The receiving operator opens the switch 359 of said sound signaling device 333, starts said motor 36l and, by means of said rheostat 362, synchronizes his machine with that at the sending station by regulation in accordance with signals produced by said sound signalling device 363 and said loud speaker 314 in a manner described in connection withthe operation of the system of Figure 1. At the end of an interval of time the sending operator moves said scanning head 315 into scanning position and looks it for transverse movement, as a result of which the synchronizing signals from said loud speaker 314 cease whereupon the receiving operator changes said switch 313 to connect it to said push-pull amplifier units 311 and 312, closes said switches 353 and 363 and switch 313 and locks his cutting head for transverse movement. Said machine 354 is now operating with the movement of said picture plate 353 (through said motors 36! and 366) and the operation of said cutting head 351 in synchronismwith the movement of said picture 325. This synchronization is produced through the regulation of the speed of said shunt motor 36l by said synchronous motor 365 which receives regulating current impulses from said amplifier unit 3" simultaneously with the passage of operating current impulses from said amplifier unit 312 to said cutting head 351. a

When the system of Figure '1 is to be used with radio transmission the preparations are the same as those above described for wire transmission except that the various switches are operated to cut in the radio transmitting and receiving units instead of those for the wire system,

as follows. when the sending operator is to use said telephone transmitter 353 he closes said switch 352 to said leads 341, 341, and likewise when the receiving operator expects transmission by radio he closes said switch 316 to the output side of said radio receiving unit 311. After the verbal instructions have been given said switches 334 and 352 are opened and said switch 336 is closed to said leads 341, 341, at the sending station. After the necessary synchronizing signals have been sent said switch 353 is closed and said switch 313 is changed from said loud speaker 314 to connect onto said push-pull amplifier units 31! and 312 at the receiving station. The operators then having locked the scanning head 3" and cutting heads 3" and 351 in position for transverse movement, the transmission of the picture commences.

The pulsating currents from said amplifier units 31! and 312, although not in the usual sinusoidal form employed for operating synchronous motors, are of constant frequency and while each cut is being made in said plate 356 by a given impulse from said amplifier unit 312, the speed of said motor 36| and thereby movement of said plate 353 are being differentially regulated by a simultaneous current impulse passing through said synchronous motor 363. This system insures accurate synchronization between the speed and operation of the sending machine and the receiving machine, and, once the system has been set in engraving operation, any variation or change in the speed of the sending machine will result in a simultaneous and corresponding change in the receiving machine.

It is to be understood that other means equivalent to said synchronous motor 366, either old and well known such as a phonic motor or new means, can be used in place thereof for utilizing the current pulsations delivered by said push-pull amplitier 3" for the purpose of keeping said shunt motor 36l, and the parts driven thereby, synchronized with said machine N3 of said sending station 33l. Also, when desired or required, means can be used for receiving the current from said push-pull amplifier unit 311 to change the characteristics of said current and deliver to said synchronous motor 363 a sinusoidal current whose value varies in accordance with that of said current delivered by said unit 3", and consequently in accordance with variations in characteristics of cliirlrent passing through said photoelectric cell (4) STA-non Eqmrrm 'ro TaANsm'r on Rncnvp sr Wnm on RADIO, roa 01w CHANNEL SYSTEM (4) Wire transmission Referring now to Figure 8 of the drawings there is shown therein somewhat diagrammatically a station 433 which has all the equipment necessary for sending or receiving either by wire or radio, in the transmission of a picture to be cut into a screen half-tone printing plate.

In the following description reference is made to Figure 7 of the drawings.

First, said station 433 will be described as a station for sending by wire. Such a station comprises a picture scanning and engraving machine 43! whose scanning head 432 is connected to the input side of the amplifier unit 433 which latter has its output sideconnected by the leads 434, 434, having a switch 435 therein, to the screening system 433. A pair of power mains 431, 431 having a switch 509 therein, connect to the shunt motor M9 and have tapped therefrom a pair of leads Mil, cm which connect through a switch GM to a synchronous motor 4H2 (not used when sending) on a common shaft MS with said shunt motor 889 and a scanning disc MA.

A photosensitive cell M5, in operative relation disc M6, connects by leads GIG, M6 through a switch M7 and leads M8, M8 to the input side of the voltage amplifier unit M9, from the output side of which latter extend the leads 620 and 322i. Said lead Mi connects to a lead 422 to one blade of a double pole double throw switch 423, from the other blade of which latter a lead Q24 connects through a lead 425 to one blade of a double pole double throw switch 626, the other blade of which latter connects to said lead 420. In one closed position said double pole double throw switch 523 connects through a pair of leads $21, 327, including the series connected single pole switches 328, 628, are, to the primary of the line transformer 829, the secondary of which connects to the power mains 330, 530. Additional pairs of power mains 63!, 63!, 33! are tapped across said switches 42-8, $28, 528. A pair of leads 432, $32 connect from across said leads 421, $21 to one side of a double pole double throw switch 433 whose blades connect to the telephone transmitter 636 and source of power 4135 therefor.

Said double pole double throw switch 326 in one closed position connects through the leads 136, 536 to the input side of the parallel push-pull cutting amplifier unit G31 whose output side connects to the cutting head 138 of said picture scanning and engraving machine 60!. Leads 539, sea from a lifting device (not shown) in said cutting head Q38 connect to a lifting device energizing means, not shown but fully described together with the lifting device in the description of Figures 1 to 5 of the drawings. One of said leads 639 has therein a single pole single throw switch 560 across which is connected the sound signalling device 64!. Said amplifier unit 603, voltage amplifier unit GIQ and cutting amplifier unit 631 correspond respectively to said amplifier unit 332, voltage amplifier unit 333 and cutting amplifier unit 335 of Figure '7.

(4) Radio transmission (4 Wire reception Forreception by wire said leads 62?, 32? connect through the pair of leads 650, 6150 to one side of the double pole double throw switch 55! whose blades connect to the pair of leads 352, 452 which connect to one side of said double pole double throw switch dill opposite to said leads M6, did. Said lead 62! connects to a lead A53 to one blade of a double pole double throw switch 415 i, across one side of the latter through the bus bar 355,

through the other blade of said switch 65 i, and

through lead 656 to said lead 625'. In its other closed position said switch $26 connects through the leads 651, 65] to the loud speaker 358. The other side of said switch 65% connects through the leads 359, 659 to the input side of the parallel push-pull amplifier unit 660 whose outputside connects through the leads 36i, 66! to the armature of said synchronous motor M2. Said amplifler unit 360 corresponds to said amplifier unit 3' of Figure 7.

(4) Radio reception (4) Operation When sending by wire, all of the switches being open, the sending operator closes said switch 333 to said leads 632, 632 to communicate verbal instructions, said switches 428, 528, @28 being closed if only a receiving station connected to said power mains 330, 430 is to be used. After verbal instructions have been sent said switch 433 is opened; said switch 308 is closed; said switch M is closed; said double pole single throw switch M5 is closed; said switch M1 is closed to said leads M6, M6; said switch 626 is closed to said leads 336, 436; and said switch 623 is closed to said leads 421, 627, for sending synchronizing signals and for transmitting the picture.

When sending by radio, the switching operations are the same as for sending by wire except that said switch 433 is closed to said ,leads M8, M8 (for communication of verbal instructions), and said switch $23 is .closed to said leads M35, M5.

When reception is expected by wire, through said power mains 830, 630, said switches 628, E28, 628 being closed and all others opened; said switch :35! is closed to said leads 450, 650; said switch M1 is closed to said leads 652, 652; said switch 654 is closed to said bus bar 655; and said switch 626 is closed through said leads Q51, 35'! to said loud speaker @58. After verbal instructions have been received through said loud speaker 558 said switch 308 is closed and said machine 430i is brought into synchronism with. the transmitting station as above described for the operation of Figure 1. After said machine Mil is synchronized and the synchronizing signals cease, said switch 6H is closed; said switch 626 is changed to said leads 636, 338; said switch 556 is changed from said bus bar 355 to said leads (159,659 and said switch 3601s closed, and said machine 30! is ready to start cutting a picture plate.

For receiving by radio the switching operations are the same as for receiving by wire except said switch QM is closed to said leads :162, 662 instead of said leads 35B, 358.

In the above description and in the drawings well known forms of amplifier units have been shown and certain connecting and switching arrangements have been disclosed but many other variations and combinations can be used when desired or required, such for example as to suit power and transmission requirements.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and wish to protect by Letters Patent is In a system for producing a picture printing 'plate at a distance from a scanned picture, in

combination, a sending station having a picture carrier, scanning means, means for producing relative reciprocating movement between the two latter with a constant speed scanning stroke and a quick return stroke, said scanning means including a photo-electric means in operative relation to scan a picture on said picture carrier and adapted to transmit a current having an inherent maximum value varying in accordance with variations in tones of a scanned picture,

and means including a second photo-electric cell, a. light source therefor and an interrupter therebetween for producing a second regularly timed pulsating current varying in amplitude in proportion to the amplitude of first said current; and

a receiving station having a picture plate carrier, an electric cutting head adapted to operate-in rent from said sending station to produce cutting vibrations, one vibration for each impulse, and to be controlled by said regular timed pulsating current in accordance with the variations in amplitude thereof to control the strength of said vibrations, said synchronous motor controlled by said regular timed current pulsations to maintain accurately constant speed of said reciprocating movement synchronous with the reciprocating movement in said sending station, both during the cutting stroke and during the return stroke of said relative reciprocating movement, and means for rendering said electric cutting head inoperative with respect to a plate on said picture plate carrir during the return stroke of said relative reciprocating movement and to return said electric cutting head to the cutting relation during the cutting stroke.

GEORGE E. LOSIER. 

